The Gulf War
In the early 1990s, the world witnessed a defining chapter in modern history with the outbreak of the Gulf War.
A conflict rooted in geopolitical tensions and regional power struggles, the Gulf War unfolded against the backdrop of Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990.
The international response, led by a coalition of nations under the banner of the United Nations, marked a pivotal moment in the post-Cold War era.
The Gulf War not only showcased the significance of the Middle East in global affairs but also highlighted the complexities of international diplomacy, the use of military force, and the enduring impact of regional conflicts on the global stage.
This introductory glimpse sets the stage for an exploration into the intricacies and repercussions of a conflict that shaped the geopolitical landscape of the early 1990s.
Operations Map
The Gulf War's operations map, also known as Operation Desert Storm, depicted a dynamic military campaign responding to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990.
Led by a coalition, primarily the United States, the map showcased a massive air campaign targeting key Iraqi installations.
Ground forces swiftly maneuvered through the desert, liberating Kuwait in decisive battles. The map highlighted naval operations in the Persian Gulf, emphasizing the strategic importance of maritime control.
This visual narrative encapsulates the coordinated efforts and strategic brilliance that defined the Gulf War.
Saddam Hussein
With the end of the Iran-Iraq War in 1988, Iraq found itself deeply in debt to Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Despite requests, neither nation was willing to forgive these debts.
In addition, tensions between Kuwait and Iraq were heightened by Iraqi claims of Kuwaiti slant-drilling across the border and exceeding OPEC oil production quotas.
In July 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein (left) began openly making threats of military action. On August 2, Iraqi forces launched a surprise attack against Kuwait and quickly overran the country.
Iraqi Invasion In Kuwait
In 1990, Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait, citing economic disputes and territorial claims.
Iraqi forces utilized both air and ground components in the invasion. Air assaults targeted key military and communication installations in Kuwait, while ground forces rapidly advanced across the border.
Once Iraqi forces entered Kuwait City, they established occupation and took control of government institutions. The invasion led to the imposition of martial law in Kuwait, and the Kuwaiti government fled into exile.
Operation Desert Storm
The coalition, known as the Coalition Forces, consisted of over 30 nations. The United States, under President George H.W. Bush, played a leading role, with significant contributions from the United Kingdom, France, Saudi Arabia, and other nations.
Operation Desert Storm began with a massive aerial bombardment on January 17, 1991. Coalition forces launched airstrikes against key military and strategic targets in Iraq and Kuwait.
Following the successful air campaign, a ground offensive was launched on February 24, 1991. Coalition forces swiftly moved into Kuwait and southern Iraq, overpowering Iraqi defenses.